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Theoretical Orientation At Your Field Placement - 959 Words

Having a theoretical orientation is important to our work with individuals, families and treatment groups because it is the framework that will guide our practice. Practitioners may sometimes lose focus of the goals while in session with clients, theoretical orientation helps us to get back on track because it is more structured and goal oriented. We will serve clients of different cultures and norms, backgrounds and environments. Theoretical orientations are just as diverse as our clients which allows us a broader spectrum of counseling and therapy for intentional and effective service. In this paper the writer will discuss how to develop a theoretical orientation, how to explore your theoretical orientation, how to integrate your†¦show more content†¦I also learned of the things I would change if given the power. I chose timidity and enabling because it is crucial to be forward, honest and real with my clients so that I do not hinder them or give them false hope. I also fe el that it is necessary to be able to think and react quickly in order to effectively serve our clients. I will integrate my learning into my quest for a theoretical orientation by using my strengths, weaknesses and personality to guide my choice. After reviewing my results on the Selective Theory Sorter, I found the person-centered, behaviorism, individual psychology and reality therapy theories most appealing. The theories that I found least appealing were analytic psychology, family theories school of thought and rational emotive behavior therapy. My theoretical orientation is Cognitive Behavioral Theory. CBT focuses on identifying, understanding, and changing thinking and behavior patterns. I plan to continue developing my theoretical orientation for practice with individuals, families and treatment groups by researching about the theory and putting my knowledge into practice. I also plan to attend workshops and watch videos that perform this therapeutic approach, I find that visual learning is best for me. I believe that it will take some trial, error and a lot of sessions to perfect but I am looking forward being competent in this area. My goalShow MoreRelatedTheoretical Orientation Reflection Paper Natasha Cartwright1686 Words   |  7 PagesTheoretical Orientation Reflection Paper Natasha Cartwright Senior Seminar February 8, 2017 Dr. Hill Theoretical Orientation Reflection Paper Introduction In the field of social work it is essential to be aware of theoretical approaches to incorporate into the work and realize which one fits more effectively with your different perspectives of life. 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Global Strategy International Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Global Strategy International Management? Answer: Introduction: The hospitality industry is fastest growing and prospering with the juncture in India. It is continuously evolving itself to challenge on a global level. With the economy advancing in India, India is progressively becoming the very sought after business and tourist destination. Because of the very characteristics of hospitality as a core service industry, its efficiency management and excellent operation rely greatly on the standard put forward to the customers or travelers (Jana and Chandra 2016). The challenges in the hospitality sector are also rising with its growth and the demanding customers. This advancement will require to be serviced by a considerable expansion in infrastructure facilities, including road, rail and air connectivity as well as accommodations and lodging. Superior quality of services is significantly crucial in experiencing long term goals and objectives, since success is set on not only by competitiveness of price but also by the standards of the services off ered (Bharwani and Jauhari 2013). This paper develops the challenges and limits relating to the threats encountered by the hospitality industry and also advised the suggestions to refill the gap. On the basis of these the Indian hospitality industry requires to be encased better and one requires shifting away from the biased established attitudes that the hospitality industry has been connected with in the long ago. Standard in the hospitality sector and tourism sector engages constant superior offering of guest services and products according to desired standards. A superior quality service is one of the key threats to the accommodation services and hotels will be encountering in the succeeding years as it is a vital condition for achievement in the evolving, intensely competitive, international hospitality sector. Porter's generic strategy and resource-based and industry-based analysis Porters generic strategy refers to cost leadership, differentiation and focus. These are the three elements for any organization firms has spearheaded competitive strategy in the corporate world .Based on the porters generic model an organization can opt the procedure on it desires to compete, based on the rivalry among its kind of target market , competitive advantage and unique proposition, as the prime factors of selection . Porters generic strategy methodology stays one of the important procedures in the strategic management and any type of industry. A business can enhance efficiency either by thriving to be producer of the low cost in a sector or industry or by differentiating its core or line of goods or services from other competitors. These two different propositions can be guided by an array of organizational intention on an approached segment of the target market (Vij and Vij 2016). Any company that fails to take a decision related to strategy to select for one of these pro cedures is in crisis of being only partly completed. The firm in failing to take a decision, attempts to both to be the differentiator or cost leader gains neither, and in the further method puzzles consumers. Cost Leadership Strategy in the hospitality industry: Cost Leadership Strategy of Porters generic model within the Indian Hospitality Industry is based on a corporate arranging and handling its value proposition and value adding activities be the lowest cost producer in a certain industry. A quite successful porters generic cost leadership strategy is basically to rely on a number of parameters in the organization. Achievement of a rank of cost leadership relies on the preparation of activities of value chain. The capacity of cost leaders signifies that they try to deliver a greater percentage of the total target market. Companies following a low-cost strategy will generally engage one or more of the following elements to establish their low-cost ranks in the industry. Accurate forecasting of demand blended with highest capacity maximization, greater economies of scale, technological advancement and exploitation, outsourcing, experienced or learned effects ( Harrington, Chathoth, Ottenbacher, and Altinay 2014) Many organizations would p oint at the idea that they are following a leadership strategy in low-cost segment. Rather, they visualize their organizations as following some kind of harmony amid differentiation and low-costs . Banyan Tree must realize the facts before entering the hospitality industry in India, which segment they want to exploit. Management in this hospitality is very better at keeping costs at a lowest margin based on the seasonal demands. Consequently hoteliers keep low prices and get attention to a broader division of the market attentive in an inexpensive and cost effective room. Differentiation Strategy within the Hospitality Industry A differentiation strategy is relied on insisting customers of the hotel that a service offering is much more superior in a way to that provided by rivals. The focus in differentiation is on establishing value via uniqueness, as differed to lowest cheaper cost. Uniqueness can be attained through innovations in services, superior quality, innovative advertising, and superior relationships with the suppliers encouraging to high quality services, or in an almost numerous number of paths. The key to getting success is that the customers must be willing and able to shell out for the uniqueness of a service than the firm invested to create it. Firms pursuing a differentiation strategy can cost a greater price for their offerings. The differentiation strategy attracts to a knowledgeable or sophisticated customers interested in a unique or product quality. The Banyan tree hotels and resorts are focusing a differentiation strategy in Singapore and Bangkok by providing very superior-quality qu est experiences that attract to both business and personal travelers. Currently the hotels are providing Wi-Fi as a tool for differentiation. Focus Strategy within the Hospitality Industry A focus strategy is focused at a sector of the target market for a offering rather than at the mass market. Firms following focus strategies must to be able to recognize their target segment and both evaluates and meet the desired needs and needs of buyers in that market segment better than any other competitor. Focus strategies can be relied on differentiation or lowest cost. There is much arguments as to whether or not a firms can have a differentiation and low-cost leadership strategy at the very same moment. It is debated that a focus strategy stressing on lowest cost is unique in the hotel industry as it is difficult to satisfy a singular guest segment without some form of differentiation. One can recognize many examples of organizations in the hospitality industry that are following a focus strategy based on the differentiation advantage. For example, Four Seasons emphasizes on affluent and highly rich segment consumers with discriminating needs and the Banyan Tree could follow that. As for example a fort shaped hotel created on a man-made island is targeted at members of royal families as well as celebrities and wealthy industrialists and visitors. Overview of Banyan Tree Banyan tree positioned itself as a branded paradise in the global market. From the very beginning Banyan Tree Hotels and Resorts has emerged as one of Asias one of the most achieved hospitality brands with various international awards and rewards from publications like the prestigious Cond Nast Traveller and others from 1992 (Banyantree.com, 2017). Banyan Tree is one of the vibrant chains of hospitality market in Asia and privately held boutique hotels in luxury segment and resorts. By successfully blending its concern related to environment with the unique proposition. Asian culture and heritage and the idea of personal or customized villas in luxury segment providing a theme based user friendly experience, Banyan Tree has prospered as one of the market leaders in the tourism and hospitality segment. Banyan Tree desired to escape being overrun by very cheaper competitors from China and Indonesia, on the one hand, and to take the attention away from difficult competitive pricing, on the other (Banyantree.com, 2017). These have been the significant threats for several businesses in Asian hospitality sector trying to rival in the new environment and establishing competitive advantages. It tested to be a successful way of breaking away from an Asian commodity business and changed the focus onto higher value-added revenues. The brand is led by a centralized team headed by corporate management and its promise, illustrated in the tagline Sanctuary for the senses, is delivered throughout the organization as part of a dedicated business strategy centered around branding. The Banyan Tree company manages fifteen hotel resorts, thirty five spas and two golf courses in twelve countries, with the headquartered in Singapore. The company is a better instance of the significance of business managements engaged in creating, investing and driving the Banyan Tree brand and all the activities related to branding. Background The majority of Banyan Tree is owned by Singapore-based Ho Kwon Ping, who named the brand after a place in Hong Kong where he and his wife spent idyllic days when he was a reporter and editor for an Asian magazine (Banyantree.com, 2017). He returned to Singapore after his father fell ill. As the eldest son, he had to take on the responsibility of the family business and run it. After a while, Ho Kwon Ping was looking for a new idea to take his fathers family-run business, the Wah Chang Group, ahead and away from the traditional revenue streams into different areas, spanning property to manufacturing (Banyantree.com, 2017). In 1994, the couple opened the first Banyan Tree resort in Phuket, Thailand, with some investors and Ho Kwon Pings brother as the architect. There it began the trademark pool villa concept, which was an innovation at that time and became one of the signatures of the brand. Today, the private pool villa concept has proliferated to other resort groups and is used as a benchmark in the hospitality industry. Conclusion: The report concludes that Banyan Tree should first focus on the generic strategies to understand the Indian hospitality market because there are several players like Taj hotel, Marrott to cater to the rich or highly affluent segment that are following the market scheming prices to attract the business travelers or theme based customized services. Management and marketing team of Banyan Tree must not emphasize entirely on a single array of strategic decisions that pursue a generic strategy. Instead, It should recognize it efficient and useful various ways to tap Indian market because it is highly diversified. It must focus on each and every practice that defines a strategy. Marketing ideas must be as innovative and attractive as possible when it comes about promoting strategies as uniqueness can help to foster a competitive advantage over a greater period of time. They should focus of utterly significant target market to emphasize on strategic activities that this report has recognize d to determine their selected strategy. The idea of these practices may simplify the generation, implementation and the control of the strategy visualized by the management team Banyan Tree hotels and resorts. References: Agrawal, V., 2016. A review of Indian tourism industry with SWOT analysis. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 5(1). Ali, T., Alam, A. and Ali, J., 2015. Market structure analysis of health and wellness food products in India. British Food Journal, 117(7), pp.1859-1871. Banyantree.com. (2017). Luxury Hotels and Resorts - Banyan Tree. [online] Available at: https://www.banyantree.com/en [Accessed 9 Aug. 2017]. Bharwani, S. and Jauhari, V., 2013. An exploratory study of competencies required to co-create memorable customer experiences in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(6), pp.823-843. Bowie, D., Buttle, F., Brookes, M. and Mariussen, A., 2016. Hospitality marketing. Taylor Francis. Contractor, F.J., Kumar, V. and Dhanaraj, C., 2015. Leveraging India: Global interconnectedness and locational competitive advantage. Management International Review, 55(2), pp.159-179. Falk, M., 2016. A gravity model of foreign direct investment in the hospitality industry. Tourism Management, 55, pp.225-237. Harrington, R., K. Chathoth, P., Ottenbacher, M. and Altinay, L., 2014. Strategic management research in hospitality and tourism: past, present and future. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(5), pp.778-808. Jana, A. and Chandra, B., 2016. Mediating role of customer satisfaction in the mid-market hotels: An empirical analysis.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,9(1). Jones, P., Jones, P., Hillier, D., Hillier, D., Comfort, D. and Comfort, D., 2016. Sustainability in the hospitality industry: some personal reflections on corporate challenges and research agendas. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(1), pp.36-67. Kseoglu, M.A., Topaloglu, C., Parnell, J.A. and Lester, D.L., 2013. Linkages among business strategy, uncertainty and performance in the hospitality industry: Evidence from an emerging economy. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, pp.81-91. Leonidou, L.C., Leonidou, C.N., Fotiadis, T.A. and Zeriti, A., 2013. Resources and capabilities as drivers of hotel environmental marketing strategy: Implications for competitive advantage and performance. Tourism Management, 35, pp.94-110. Mandal, P. and Vong, J., 2016. Development of tourism and the hospitality industry in Southeast Asia. Springer,. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013. Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Nunkoo, R., Gursoy, D. and Ramkissoon, H., 2013. Developments in hospitality marketing and management: Social network analysis and research themes. Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management, 22(3), pp.269-288. Sen, K., Sen, K., Kaushik, T. and Kaushik, T., 2016. Recent innovative measures across different functions in the Indian hospitality industry: A case study from Accor Hotels. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 8(4), pp.481-489. Singh, K. and Arora, R., 2014. The changing face of the Indian hospitality industry. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 3(8), pp.26-36. Srinivasan, R., 2014. Services marketing: the Indian context. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Vij, M. and Vij, M., 2016. The cost competitiveness, competitiveness and sustainability of the hospitality industry in India. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 8(4), pp.432

The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts Essay Example

The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts Paper This paper will explore the realist explanations of ethnic conflicts and then see how critical theory explanations offer new insight and answers to puzzles that could not be previously be explained. It will then explore several of the possible solutions used to end incidents of ethnic violence. Finally, it Will focus on the debate surrounding partition as a possible solution to ethnic conflict, concluding that it is in fact a viable option for peace when implemented judiciously. According to realist explanations, ethnic conflicts are deeply rooted in cognitive and situational needs. In his article, The Security Dilemma and Ethnic Conflict, realist scholar Barry Poses claims that anarchy rates competition and hostility between ethnic, religious and cultural groups. Ethnic fractions act to preserve their identity and physical security through the accumulation of resources and military power. Interestingly, Poses notes that social cohesion is viewed as a larger threat than material assets in military competition. Social cohesion, he claims, derives from historical accounts of identity building which often are inaccurate and biased; thus perpetuating cultural differences and hatred of the other. TTL] Accordingly, ethnic tensions are inevitable but can quickly imaging/ to warfare when one group coerces or nominates the other militarily or ideologically, Realists, such as Poses do not ignore the fact that ideas are essential elements of ethnic conflict, but rather use them support the needs of power and mutual deterrence, In his article, Symbolic Politics or Rational Choice? Stewart Kaufman attempts to deconstruct realist explanations of ethnic conflicts by introducing his own theory called symbolic politics. According to this theory, episodes of extreme ethnic violence are caused by, G]roof myths that justify hostility, fears of group extinction and a symbolic politics of chauvinist manipulation. [2] Kaufman believes that hose myths produce emotion-laden symbols that make mass hostility easy for chauvinist elites to provoke and make extremist policies Both Poses and Kaufman use the situation in former Yugoslavia to validate their respective theories. We will write a custom essay sample on The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to Posses realist explanation, the origin of the conflict was a primordial contentious relationship between the Carats and Seers. Due to the past violence and aggression inflicted upon them by the Carats, the Seers were justifiably fearful for their security. Their ability to mobile and slight military advantage prompted mutual fear and competition from the Carats, which in turn exulted in the Seers launching what they perceived to be a preventative war. 41 Kauffmann symbolic politics theory suggests that the conflict was not one based on group interests or material factors, but rather, the struggle for relative group and that charismatic leaders such as Implosive and Dustman exploited pre-existing myths and symbols which appealed to the emotions of the public, in order promote their own, expansionist agendas. [6] upon in depth analysis of both scholars explanations, I found each to be very similar and plausible. In my opinion, Kauffmann symbolic politics theory does not un dermine Posses realist explanation of the conflict, but rather supports and expands on it. Kauffmann explanation appears to be more of a critical analysis which combines elements of realist explanations (power), liberal explanations (elite manipulation of ethnic differences by leaders) and constructivist explanations (ethnic identities are constructed by historical myths In the same article, Kaufman examines the ethnic conflicts of Sudan and Rwanda as case studies to further support his symbolic politics theory. The most dominant explanation tort ethnic conflict in these areas had been the realist account, which claimed hat European colonialism created strife by reconstructing African identities and exploiting their resources; forcing them the compete with each other for survival. While I do believe that these realist explanations are legitimate factors, do not think they are the only ones. After reading Stuart Kauffmann in depth explanations, I am now convinced that value systems-?or lack thereof, lie at the root of ethnic conflict. In Northern Sudan, Islamic values encouraged hostile expansionism of Shari law, which threatened the survival (identity) of the Southern Sudanese who were unwilling to submit to it. Similarly, the creation f hostile myths against the Tutsis minority and large scale acceptance of the use of violence against them in Rwanda shows how easily populations lacking strong value systems can be manipulated by political elites into justifying the most heinous acts of violence against other human beings. Just as there are many plausible theories that explain the causes Of ethnic conflicts worldwide, there too are many possible solutions. Although he is a realist scholar, Barry Poses admits that peacekeeping can sometimes be achieved through diplomatic measures, mainly by encouraging groups involved in the conflict to reexamine heir past history from a more objective standpoint. Other third party options include: the creation of international institutions aimed at rebuilding domestic institutions, international treaties such as the non-proliferation policy, the use of economic sanctions, and the use of peacekeeping forces. All of these solutions have had success in some areas and tailored elsewhere. When international diplomatic peacekeeping efforts fail and the ethnic conflict persists, outside powers are sometimes torched to implement material methods to assistance including military support and weaponry. Because warfare is always a last resort, he use of partitions has become a highly effective but equally controversial method used to suppress ethnic violence. According to some realist scholars, the separation of ethnic identities serves a necessary purpose; it provides people with meaningful associations and security. Chain Kaufmann, though a prominent proponent of the use of partitions in pervasive internship conflict, still acknowledges that they should be used as a last resort and that the risks of partition and population transfers are only worth undertaking if they are saving the lives that valued have been sacrificed if they had not Critics of the use of partitions such as Radar Kumar argue that they do little to mitigate violence, but instead escalate tensions and cause mass movements of forced migration. 8] In his article, When All Else Fails: Ethnic Population Transfers and Partitions in the Twentieth Century, Chain Kaufmann does a good job at deconstructing this myth. He claims that persistent violence creates refugee movements because people are afraid to Stay where they are, or are at times forced to leave by opposing militant forces. Therefore, intermixed populations will inevitably become separated and the use of partitions only revs as an organizational vehicle which would enable th em to resettle in a structured and protected manner. 9] Samaras arguments are further refuted by Kaufmann use of empirical data which prove that incidents of violence actually diminished when partitions were constructed in Ireland, India and Cyprus and that marginal increases of violence in those regions were not a result to the partition, but rather the lack to complete separation between rival groups within those regions, Kaufmann concedes that the with Israel and Palestine is a special circumstance due to the fact that Palestinian threats are o pervasive that Israels existence is dependent on the partition. In contrast, Kumara strongest argument is that partition has rarely been anything more than a temporary solution to conflict, but its psychological effects are permanent. [10] After considering both sides of the argument, I believe the benefits of using partitions far out way the costs. While the psychological barriers that partitions create are an unfortunate reality, the numbers of lives they save are more important. In closing it is important to understand that each case Of ethnic conflict studied has individual characteristics which make it unique and thus he causes and solutions to each situation are unique as well. Despite their variance, there is still something that can be learned and applied by studying each case. The realist explanation asserts that power and security factors are the motivating cause for conflict, but new critical theory explanations help us to see that physical and psychological security alone are not enough to deter episodes of ethnic violence. While it has been proven that material factors such as military and nuclear capability and partitions are effective deterrents, they should only be used as last result methods. International institutions, treaties and post inflict reconstruction initiatives are all instrumental in the peacekeeping effort. But in my opinion, the most effective method used for reducing incidences of ethnic violence is that of nation building. Ive arrived at this conclusion, not only through scholarly analysis but also through personal experience.